World energy demand is projected to increase at about 1.8%/year between 2000 and 2030. The world energy system will continue to be dominated by fossil fuels with almost 90% of total energy supply in 2030. Oil will remain the main source of energy (34%) followed by coal (28%). Given the continued dominance of fossil fuels, world CO2 emissions are expected to increase more rapidly than the energy consumption.
One of the major technology challenge is stabilising greenhouse gases concentration in the atmosphere Deep cuts in emissions require advanced technologies: no single technology can do it all. A possible solution should be a series of synergic and parellel actions:
- Hydrogen for transport and power
- Renewable energy technologies
- Energy efficiency and zero emission buildings
- Bio-fuels for transport and heat
- Carbon capture (CO2) and storage